• Neuro-ophthalmologist 

This area of knowledge is dedicated to the study of diseases that cause eye movement disorders or visual loss originating in the optic nerve, visual cortex or subcortical structures (thalamus, optic radiation, etc.)

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Eye movement disorders are not limited only to strabismus (ocular misalignment and diplopia), but extend to paralyzes of conjugated horizontal movement (looking to the right and left) or vertical (up or down) of the eyes, to falling palpebral (non-mechanical or senile ptosis), visual disorders associated with vestibular or cerebellar alterations, among others. 

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That is, the field of action is very broad, and the etiology of complaints presented by patients can vary from toxic-metabolic, autoimmune, infectious, ischemic, genetic, degenerative, tumoral diseases, etc.

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Regarding visual impairment, neuroophthalmologists trained in ophthalmology must be able to rule out refractive causes, media opacity (corneal opacity, cataracts or vitreous clouding) and retinal alterations as the cause of the patient's complaint, expanding the investigation to the visual pathway retrobulbar. 

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In addition, neuroophthalmology interfaces with several professionals who work with visual stimulation or rehabilitation, whether in childhood (congenital diseases, deposit diseases, cerebral palsy, among others), or in adult life (after traumatic brain injury, stroke , etc). Among these professionals we can mention: physiotherapist, neuropsychologist, occupational therapist, speech therapist, etc.